I was thinking some kind of saw set tool, but it looks too cumbersome. It’s clearly designed to be mounted on the front/side of a bench, clamping something thin. The bright hardened metal piece with the bolt can be set into different positions. The knurled wheel that it’s clamped to looks designed to be moved rather than decorative knurling.
The fine threaded clamp looks like it should push something, but it looks like the round metal pad on the end doesn’t have a bearing, so presumably something is put in and that’s screwed in to set a distance, but god knows what it’s for?
Bending something, or setting an angle on something metal…not sure.